Yeast is a _______ fungus. These bacteria and blue green algae are called biological nitrogen fixer nitrogenous compounds and make it fertile. Which of the following hormones controls metamorphosis in a frog. This is a process in which milk is heated to about 70 degree Celsius for about 15 to 30 seconds and then suddenly chilled and stored. Rust of wheat, citrus canker and wilt, Question 15. While taking antibiotics following precautions must be taken . This process was discovered by Louis Pasteur. How are carriers harmful to us? It treats & prevents diarrhea, helps in food breakdown and absorption of nutrients. The possible existence of unseen microbial life was suspected from ancient times, such as in Jain scriptures from sixth century BC India. Some bacterias are aerobic, which means they respire in the presence of oxygen and some of them are anaerobic, which means that they does not respire in the presence of oxygen. Q 2 -The host for malaria causing protozoan is: (a) anapheles mosquito. (d) Rhizopus, Question 14. Questions Math's, Important Communicable diseases spread from one person to another through air, water, food, physical contact or insects. For example: Bacteria, fungi, algae, virus and protozoa Immunity: The body of living organisms have ability to resist fight against disease. Microorganisms are found in air, water and in the bodies of plants and animals. In this way, malaria is transmitted to humans. The process of killing all the microorganisms above the temperature of 100C is known as sterilisation. Answer: Viruses cannot be killed by using antibiotics as their cell pathways are different from that of bacteria. Such an unhygienic condition lead to spoilage of food which when consumed can lead to serious illness. These microorganisms are also found inside the human bodies. Question 18. C: Wildlife includes all animals of reserve forests. You will automatically be redirected to new site in 5 seconds. What do you mean by food spoilage? Viruses They cannot absorb nitrogen directly from the air. ; at that time, doctor prescribes us antibiotics that help to get rid of particular disease. Answer: Microorganisms are so small that we cannot see them with the naked eye. Microorganisms Microorganisms are classified into four major groups. The lesson covers the complete. (b) What are the modes of transfer of diseases from infected to healthy person? Main, More 10. unicellular This damaged skin is more prone to microorganisms or can even spoil it. (b) protozoa A fungi is used in the production of alcohol. Answer (1 of 3): If what you are looking for is a simplified definition of virus suitable for explaining to an eighth grader , here it is : Viruses are microscopic organisms that come alive only when inside a host organism (that is they reproduce only inside another organism) .The host organism . Heat, at a certain temperature and for a limited period of time, is used to kill the harmful microorganisms as well as enzymes. Microorganisms can be classified into the following groups based on their pH ranges: Neutrophiles grow best at a pH range of 5 to 8. What is vaccination? They consist of nucleic acid covered with protein shell. CBSE Class 8 Science Chapter 2 Notes: Microorganisms If you observe a drop of water in a pond through a microscope, you will see a lot of tiny rounded structures. We should wash our hands before eating, after preparing food and after using toilet. 13. Questions Biology, CBSE Anton van Leeuwenhoek discovered the microscope and microorganisms, more precisely microscopic bacteria. previous year Papers, Integer Who discovered the vaccine for small pox? We almost always presume they are harmful to us. Then these pathogens splits in our body and cause various diseases. 12. Answer: The storing of food products at the temperature of 0C to 5C is known as refrigeration. Answer: Organisms that are so small that they can only be seen through a microscope, are called microorganisms or microbes. Even then, it will cure bacterial disease only but not the viral infection. Time to check your knowledge by answering the following questions-, Choose the correct answer from the given options-. Friendly Micro-organisms Application Videos. A eukaryote is an organism whose cells contain a nucleus within a . Unscramble the jumbled words underlined in the following statements. (b) fungi They appear to be likeplants, but they do not have leaves, roots, etc. Seema got cough and cold badly. Yeast produces carbon dioxide gas during respiration. These can be seen only under the microscope. How does it help in protecting children from diseases? Class 8 chapter 2. Louis Pasteur is known as father of microbiology for his discovery of vaccines for many diseases. Sample papers, NTSE Answer: (d) cocci, Question 9. 8 Math Notes, Class 8 2. Who discovered the vaccine for small pox ? Microorganisms as a friend:- They are useful to make curd from milk, to preparing idli and dosa. Salting is also used to preserve amla, raw mangoes and pickles. Definition: living organisms around us which cannot be seen by naked eyes is called microorganism or microbes. Viruses though different from the above-mentioned living organisms are referred to as microbes. This stops microorganisms from growing as they cannot grow without water. Sun-drying helps in removing moisture from food. Other than these four groups there exist a group of organisms called as virus. test for class 7 Math's, Online NCERT solutions to book questions have also been provided for the convenience of the students. We can also say that the communicable diseases are those diseases which cannot be transferred from one person to another person. They can also be seen inside the bodies of animals. Small organisms that cannot be seen through the naked eyes and can only be seen under a microscope are called microorganisms or microbes; e.g., Amoeba, Paramecium, Volvox, Spirogyra, etc. We are migrating to a new website. (a) algae These contain the core of the nucleotides, which is surrounded by a protein coat that can invade the living cells. In some cases high pressure also used to destroy micro -organisms. Question 4. NCERT Solutions for Class 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12. Answer: Question: Name the microorganisms which can fix nitrogen in the soil ? They are produced from bacteria and fungi. (a) Microorganisms cannot be seen with a naked eye as( they are microscopic in nature, for observing them a microscope is required. (d) bacteria, Question 2. Fit the balloon on the test tube and shake well. Collect the labels from the bottles of jams and jellie on the labels. (a) transformation Decomposers Many are downloadable. 2. In this page, we are providing Microorganisms: Friend and Foe Class 8 Extra Questions and Answers Science Chapter 2 pdf download. Copyright 2022 Physics Wallah Pvt. In this process food items are exposed to high temperature for longer period of time. It means taking antibiotics to get rid of flu or any other viral infection is useless, because it does not re-duce the strength of the virus, nor does it reduce the duration of the infection. Acidophiles grow best at a pH below 5.5. Class 11 Notes, Class Antibiotics do not kill viruses. Algae is green in color and can make food by the process of photosynthesis. Answer: Cholera, tuberculosis, smallpox, hepatitis, etc. They may be unicellular or multicellular. The process in which sugar in the food is transformed into alcohol and carbon dioxide by using microorganisms is known as Question 1. Mosquito nets should be used at night. RPM Full Form, What is the Full form of RPM? 2. previous year papers, Olympiad Question 5. As a result of the EUs General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR). (a) 8. Whenever any harmful disease-causing microorganism enters the human body, the body produces substances to fight with the entered microbe. Hence the correct answer is D i.e Thyroxine. Resourses, Sample papers for Write a short paragraph on the harms caused by microorganisms. (c) Protozoa Paramecium, Amoeba. Name two single-celled microorganisms. Answer: MICROORGANISMS AND VIRUSES - Friends and Foes! Write the name of a bacterium that helps in the formation of curd. For example: Ginger, Potato chips, Fenugreek (Methi) are dehydrated and stored in houses. All living organisms that grow in the wild without the interruption of humans are included in wildlife. Like mushroom is an edible fruit and does not have leaves or roots. Bacteria have an organised nucleus. Saprophytes and _______ are the two main categories of fungi. Questions Chemistry, Important Observe and explain. 7. 2. The definition of life has long been a challenge for scientists and philosophers. Write the names of any two antibiotics. For instance, when a fly sits on animal excreta or garbage, harmful disease-causing microbes stick to its legs. Carriers take with them many harmful microorganisms or pathogens. & Reasoning, Class Microorganisms are so small that we cannot see them with the naked eye. 3. These are the Microorganisms class 8 Notes prepared by team of expert teachers. Answer: ExamFear.com is now Learnohub.com with improved features such as. 9 Math's Notes, Class 9 Solutions for class 9, NCERT Solutions Answer: Mosquitoes act as carriers of many disease causing microorganisms. Give two examples of each of the following types of microorganisms: (iii) They are used to produce antibiotics. 9. 2. But, it is a fact that microorganisms are useful to us in many ways. Hence they increase the fertility of the soil. 12. Question 14. (d) spiral, Question 8. NCERT Class 8 Chemistry Chapter 2 (3/5. 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Answer: They may be unicellular, which means that they have single cell. Answer: There are five major groups of microorganisms. Disease-causing microorganisms are known as pathogens. Medicine that kills or stops the growth of harmful disease-causing microbes is known as (d) carrier, Question 6. Board Details, MP Board of Secondary What role does sugar play in the preservation of food? 1. They play a great role in transferring these pathogens to a healthy person, by sitting on the food items, or directly transferring the pathogens inside the body of a person. Answer: These antibodies remain in the body and kill the microorganisms if they enter again. Explain why antibiotics do not work against flu or any infection caused by viruses. Download revision notes for Microorganisms class 8 Notes and score high in exams. (c) The complete list of threatened species can be found in the Red Data Book. They are living things that are too tiny to see with the naked eye. It treats & prevents diarrhea, helps in food breakdown and absorption of nutrients. 15. curdling, III. Mention any three ways through which pathogens are transmitted. Topics covered are Introduction to Micro-organisms and microbiology, different types of Micro-organisms, Useful and Harmful Micro-organisms. Oxygen alone constitutes 78% of air. Answer: Name the first antibiotic discovered. Question: What is fermentation? Mention some diseases caused by bacteria. (f) Lactobacillusis a friendly-bacterium. On Rahuls birthday, his mother prepared many dishes for him. You will find round structures called root nodules on the roots. 10 Chemistry Notes, Class 10 and John Avery, life is a member of the class of phenomena that are open or continuous systems able to decrease their internal entropy at the expense of substances or free energy taken in . These are classified as: 1. Answer: 3. microscope Algae is used in making Toothpaste, jelly etc. (a) bacilli Question 4. B: Liver. Microorganisms like bacteria and protozoa cause pollution of water and make it unfit for drinking. (d) algae, Question 15. Yeast is also used for making bread, pastries and cakes. Now, when this mosquito bites a healthy person, it injects Plasmodium along with saliva to him. These microorganisms are also found inside the human bodies. Many vaccines are prepared from microorganisms. True _______ are the microorganisms that help in the process of decomposition. 14. (b) Air, water, food, carriers and physical contact. The Microorganisms can be Broadly Classified as: Bacteria - They are a group of prokaryotic organisms (does not have membrane-bound nucleus or organelles) that constitute a major part of microorganisms. Question 2. Define food preservation. (j) 3. The second chapter called Microorganisms: Friend and Foe throw light on the long-standing debate of whether microorganisms are good or bad. Observe its roots. What does yeast produce during respiration? Why do idli and dosa maker add some yeast or old batter of pervious day to the newly-made batter and keep it for one day? There are many microbes which cause several diseases in plants, animals & human beings. Microbe involved in curd formation: i) Amoeba ii) Lactobacillus 2. Material Biology, Name (ii) Microorganisms are used to produce alcohol at large scale on a commercial basis. It contains ribosomes and plasmids. Aggarwal solution, RD Question 1. (b) Blue green algae fix directly from air to enhance fertility of soil. 12. viruses Some bacteria and blue green algae in the soil take nitrogen from the air and make nitrogenous compounds. Answer: Microorganisms or microbes are extremely small living organisms which cannot be seen with the naked eyes. Microorganisms are harmful as they cause many diseases. Most organisms are hardy and can be found in almost any kind of environment like hot deserts, polar ice caps, salt water, marsh lands and inside other organisms. Physics Notes, Class Board, Tamil Nadu Microorganisms Class 8 Nov. 14, 2021 4 likes 2,419 views Download Now Download to read offline Science Topics Included: Microorganisms Bacteria Protozoa Algae Fungi Viruses Friendly Microorganisms Lactobacillus Yeast Antibiotics Harmful Microorganisms Common Human Diseases Food Preservation These microorganisms are very small and widely found. 1. How is it useful? Yeast is also used in making of idlis and bhaturas. Food can be kept in refrigerator at about 5C which delays its spoilage. engineering exam, More Class 8 Science Microorganisms Chapter 2 (3/5) Useful Microorganisms Explanation in Hindi, Imp Questions and Answers. It lives in the liver and blood of the person who has been infected by this disease. 10. Put two spoonfuls of sugar in each of the test tubes. We understand that every student has different needs and Simple, plant-like microorganisms are called Carriers are the organisms that carry the pathogens to the healthy person. 8. by admin | Jan 8, 2019 | CBSE Class 8 Science Lessons Explanation, Notes, NCERT Question Answers | 0 comments. formulas, Physics The diseases that do not spread through sick to healthy person are called non communicable diseases. Some of the viruses are Common ailments like cold, influenza (flu) and most coughs are caused by viruses. For fermentation of idli and dosa yeast or old batter is added. .. Solution 8: Harmful microorganisms include fungi, bacteria, protozoa, etc. We should not eat food which is not fresh or not cooked properly. Classification of microorganisms (i) Bacteria Single-celled organisms Found in wide range of habitats ranging from glaciers to deserts and hot springs For example: curd bacteria (Lactobacillus) (ii) Fungi Write a use of yeast. If one takes an antibiotic when not required or overuse it, then it will help bacteria in ones body to develop resistance to the given antibiotic. 15. Question: What is food poisoning? What are carriers and how do they spread diseases? Revision notes in exam days is one of the best tips recommended by teachers during exam days. Cocci: This means that bacteria is circular or spherical in shape. We need a microscope to see microbes. Rhizobium bacteria present in the roots of pulse plants fixes nitrogen from the air and supplies nitrogen compounds to the pulse plants. Most organisms are hardy and can be found in almost any kind of environment like hot deserts, polar ice caps, salt water, marsh lands and inside other organisms. Viruses are active inside the host cells and keep reproducing inside themselves by infecting the living cells. It also provides great opportunities to kids to practice their reading skills, writing skills, solving questions related to the chapter, and more. 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