The cookie is set by GDPR cookie consent to record the user consent for the cookies in the category "Functional". Who is the founder of the concept of biodiversity? Older concepts of conservation often assumed that maintaining biodiversity was about leaving nature alone or attempting to restore it to what it was before humans intervened. Ecological diversity represents an intricate network of different species present in local ecosystems and the dynamic interaction among them. There are various mathematical ways of measuring biodiversity, which calculate the number of species diversity in different regions. Biodiversity may be defined as, 'The variety and variability among living organisms and the ecological complexes in which they occur'. Share Your PPT File. Economic role of biodiversity. Ecosystem Services 4. Genetic diversity may be defined as differences in genetic makeup between individuals of the same species. Disclaimer Copyright, Share Your Knowledge It ranks ninth in terms of plant species richness. Sustainable utilization of species and ecosystem. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Analytics". But opting out of some of these cookies may affect your browsing experience. Our planets requirements and services depend mainly on the biological resources. Some areas in the world, such as areas of Mexico, South Africa, Brazil, the southwestern United States, and Madagascar, have more biodiversity than others. Biodiversity boosts ecosystem productivity where each species, no matter how small, all have an important role to play. Besides its ecological and environmental value, biodiversity has significant socio-economic values as well. The biotechnologists continuously use the wild species of plants for developing new, better yielding and disease resistant varieties. AESTHETIC VALUE and non-living components, like climate, matter and energy that are connected by energy flow. The term Biodiversity was coined by Walter G Rosen while the United Nations Environment Program (UNEP) and International Union For conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) defined the term for the first time. Consumptive use value 6. are being developed. Indirect use of biodiversity is of much significance because this value is related primarily with functions of ecosystem and is concerned with national accounting systems. In ancient times, especially in India, the environment in totality i.e. One element of biodiversity is crop diversity. Factors that affect levels of biodiversity and global patterns of species abundance. The ecosystem supports the services without which humans cannot survive. For example, humans show a lot of diversity among themselves. Other uncategorized cookies are those that are being analyzed and have not been classified into a category as yet. Every individual member of a plant or animal species differs from other individuals in its genetic constitution. . 1 Concepts of biodiversity 1.1 A measure of biological variation The term biodiversity refers to the degree of variation within and between living organisms. We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website. Economic Importance. Many people around the world still depend on wild species for most of their needs like food, shelter and clothing (Fig. The commonly used drugs derived from plants are given in Table 19.2 and Fig. Biodiversity conservation refers to the protection, preservation, and management of ecosystems and natural habitats and ensuring that they are healthy and functional. Genetic Diversity. It is the origin of important crop species such as pigeon pea, eggplant, cucumber, cotton and sesame. These three levels work together to create the complexity of life on Earth. For example, A larger number of plant species means a greater variety of crops. Genetic diversity is one alternate concept of biodiversity. Even through the history of this term is short; it has raised important distinction and philosophical issues. Biodiversity is a measure of genetic, species, and ecosystem variation. The genetic variability is essential for healthy breeding population, the reduction in genetic variability among breeding individuals leads to inbreeding which in turns can lead to extinction of species. After completing this chapter, you will be able to. Views: 3,511. Genetic diversity pertains to the range of diversity in the genetic resources of the organisms. The domesticated varieties of agricultural crops and animals have also evolved from the wild gene pool. Biodiversity is the variety of different forms of life on earth, including the different plants, animals, micro-organisms, the genes they contain and the ecosystem they form. As all the organisms [] Environmental Value 2. Bio diversity refers to every living thing, including plants, bacteria, animals, and humans. They also study how many species exist in single ecosystems, such as a forest, grassland, tundra, or lake. It refers to genetic . each one having its distinct floral, faunal and microbial assemblages. Similarly, fishermen in the coastal areas are dependent on the marine resources. Biodiversity refers to the different form of species that make up the biotic environment. India is one of the most diverse nations in the world. Hierarchy of scales Life is structured in a hierarchical fashion starting with cells forming individuals, which regroup into populations, which in turn form species, who end up as communities. More than 25% of the drugs are derived from plants and more than 25,000 species of plants are used by natives for medicine. Morality and ethics teach us to preserve all forms of life and not to harm any organism unnecessarily. The audio, illustrations, photos, and videos are credited beneath the media asset, except for promotional images, which generally link to another page that contains the media credit. It is usually described at three levels: genetic, species, and ecosystem. Your Mobile number and Email id will not be published. Human society depends on biological resources, their diversity and the ecosystems that sustain them to provide essential goods and services. This article throws light on the four key benefits of biodiversity. To maintain life-supporting systems and essential ecological processes. . Any interactives on this page can only be played while you are visiting our website. 1996 - 2022 National Geographic Society. Thus, it pertains to the richness of flora, fauna and microorganisms with in an ecosystem or biotic community. Man, Homo sapiens, is the product of bio-diversification. Biodiversity is responsible for the beauty of a landscape. What are the three concepts of biodiversity? Biodiversity itself is not generally considered an ecosystem service but rather supports environmental functions 11. Social Value 3. This includes much more than merely counting the number of taxonomic units (richness). Outline the concept of biodiversity and explain its constituent elements. Many species provide important benefits to humans, including food, clothing, and medicine. Content Guidelines 2. The earths natural beauty, with its colors and hues has always inspired men from, perhaps, the time he actually came to inhabit the earth. Initially, we revisit to the original definition of functional diversity, highlighting two fundamental aspects, the ecological unit under study and the functional traits used to characterize it. In simpler terms, biodiversity is the assemblage of different life forms (Fig. It is an interdisciplinary field spanning areas of both physical and life sciences. The Suns radiant energy is converted to chemical energy by plants. Biodiversity preserves different cultures and spiritual heritage. Species Diversity- It consists of all species of plants, animals and micro organisms in a particular area at the basic level. Biodiversity is usually explored at three levels genetic diversity, species diversity and ecosystem diversity. This refers to the overall diversity and is applied to larger areas in which both alpha and beta diversity are measured. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Other. The count of species in a region is known as species richness. Biodiversity refers to the structural and functional variety of life at genetic, population, community, and ecosystem levels. A series of philosophers have argued that the biodiversity concept is detrimental to environmental efforts (Maier 2012; Santana 2014, 2018; Morar, Toadvine, & Bohannan . The three main objectives of Biodiversity Conservation are as follows-. Text on this page is printable and can be used according to our Terms of Service. These varying concepts of biodiversity occasionally lead to conflicts among researchers and policy makers, as each of them require a customized type of protection strategy. If you have questions about how to cite anything on our website in your project or classroom presentation, please contact your teacher. Biological diversity or Biodiversity is defined as the variety and variability among the living organisms and the ecological complexes in which they occur. A few of the reasons explaining the importance of biodiversity are: Every species has a specific role in an ecosystem. Biodiversity represents the original stock from which new varieties are being developed. This manure can also be used to fertilize cropland. Natural and Man-Made Disaster and their Impact on Environment. The aesthetic value that we attach to the natural environment is an important reason for saving our biodiversity. Biodiversity may refer to the diversity of genes, species or ecosystems in general. Eco-tourism includes visiting wildlife sanctuaries, national parks, coral reefs, exotic islands, safaris and trekking in the mountainous and forested areas. Earth's ecosystems have evolved for millions of years, resulting in diverse and complex biological communities living in balance with their environment. Why do you think that carbohydrates are not digested in the stomach? Through proper education and awareness, the peoples conscience against such practices must be raised. If you continue to use this site we will assume that you are happy with it. biodiversity. It includes theories, descriptions, discoveries, diagrams, definitions, explanation of differences and relations. This document was developed by the SCRA Council on Cultural, Ethnic and Racial Affairs. View CONCEPTS-OF-BIODIVERSITY.docx from BIOLOGY 121 at University of Manchester. Put your understanding of this concept to test by answering a few MCQs. Concept of Biodiversity The term biodiversity was popularised by the sociobiologist Edward Wilson. Performance cookies are used to understand and analyze the key performance indexes of the website which helps in delivering a better user experience for the visitors. It can be used more specifically to refer to all of the speciesin one region or ecosystem. Biodiversity is a term used to describe the enormous variety of life on Earth. Our mission is to provide an online platform to help students to share notes in Biology. We have moved all content for this concept to for better organization. These varying concepts of biodiversity occasionally lead to conflicts among researchers and policy makers, as each of them require a customized type of protection strategy. Biodiversity essential refers to the variability among the different life forms or the number of species or races within the species or gene pools. Ecological diversity refers to the variability among the species of plants and animals living together and connected by flow of energy and cycling of nutrients in different ecosystems or ecological complexes. The overall concerns and issues of biodiversity is conservation and how it may be integrated with others need of the society. Every individual of a particular species differs from each other in their genetic constitution. Biodiversity is defined as the variety and variability amongst life forms at all levels of biological organisation, i.e, organism, species, population, community, and ecosystem. It refers to variabilities among plants, animals and microorganism species. There are the following three different types of biodiversity: Species diversity refers to the variety of different types of species found in a particular area. Regions that are rich in nutrients and have well balanced climatic factors, such as moderate temperature, proper light and adequate rainfall, show high degree of diversity in their life forms. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. Key Features Readership The cookies is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Necessary". Biodiversity is the richness of biological variation. It is of vital importance to humankind from many points of view. The wood derived from the forests has been used from the birth of civilization as fuel. Therefore, it is very important to conserve biodiversity. For example, in India, the richness of flora and fauna are depicted in many paintings; animals are represented as vehicles of Gods; the dances and festivals are intricately associated with nature. the variety of a biological system, typically conceived as the number of species, but also applying to genes, biochemistry, and ecosystems. The beauty of our planet is because of biodiversity, which otherwise would have resembled other barren planets dotted around the universe. It provides us with nourishment, housing, fuel, clothing and several other resources. . (2018) noted that one of . In this section we will discuss various models that explain diversity; and the benefits of diversity. Biodiversity is an all-encompassing concept that describes the magnitude of ecological diversity. Biodiversity is the variety of different forms of life on earth, including the different plants, animals, micro-organisms, the genes they contain and the ecosystem they form. It is not evenly distributed on Earth, and it is more abundant in the tropics. Besides this, biodiversity plays an important role in maintaining and . The tribal people are completely dependent on the forests for their daily needs. People also sometimes degrade and pollute the environment by their unethical actions. ADVERTISEMENTS: Some of the major components of biodiversity are as follows: i. Ecosystem Diversity ii. The term biodiversity (from biological diversity) refers to the variety of life on Earth at all its levels, from genes to ecosystems, and can encompass the evolutionary, ecological, and cultural processes that sustain life. Even for the taxonomic component of biodiversity, where data is the best, considerable uncertainty remains about the true extent and changes in taxonomic diversity. It is the biodiversity at the most basic level. ARALDITE 2080 Low Odor High Performance 5 &15 Adhesive . The regions that are rich in species diversity are called hotspots of biodiversity. Biological resources not only provide us nourishment, clothing, housing, fuel and medicine but also meet our several other requirements. Answer (1 of 5): Because of the times we live in it is most likely that the diversity about which you ask refers to the mix within the population based on the following criteria: race, color, ethnicity, country of origin, age, gender, gender preference, religion, language, morality, ethics, law,. It includes all the species ranging from plants to different microorganisms. The following ecological principles describe the assumptions needed to plan actions for conserving biodiversity: Protection of species and species subdivisions will support biodiversity. Before sharing your knowledge on this site, please read the following pages: 1. Diversity among organisms includes both genetic diversity and species diversity. The Concept of Biodiversity and its Rele vance to Mankind: A Short Review Dickson Adom 1 * Krishnan Umachandran 2 Parisa Ziarati 3 Barbara Sawicka 4 and Paul Sekyere 5 Select the correct answer and click on the Finish buttonCheck your score and answers at the end of the quiz, Explore BYJUS for more concepts on Biology, It is a good app because we learn more things from this app, Its good explanations and experience to me, Your Mobile number and Email id will not be published. For example, A larger number of plant species means a greater variety of crops. These cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent. The term biodiversity was coined in 1985. Genetic diversity is the raw material for evolutionary adaptation in a species and is represented by the variety of genes present within a population. The Rights Holder for media is the person or group credited. Provision of biological resources: Provision of medicines and pharmaceuticals, food for the human population and animals, ornamental plants, wood products, breeding stock and diversity of species, ecosystems and genes. Values related to biodiversity can be grouped into three categories as below: This is assigned to the products that are commercially harvested for exchange in formal markets and is, therefore, the only value of biological resources that is concerned in national income. Aesthetic Value. It also includes variability within the same species and variability among the different species of plants, animals and microorganisms of an ecosystem. The earth has a number of ecosystems like grasslands, forests, semi arid deserts, marine, freshwater, wetland, swamp, marshlands (Fig. These cookies help provide information on metrics the number of visitors, bounce rate, traffic source, etc. DEFINITION Biodiversity is defined as "the intrinsically-inbuilt plus the externally-imposed variability in and among living organisms existing in terrestrial, marine and other ecosystem at a specific period of time". Community-Level Biodiversity: An Inquiry into the Ecological and Cultural Background and Practical Consequences of Opposing Concepts 6.Ethics of Nature and Biodiversity 7. What is biodiversity and why is it an important concept? MCQ on Biodiversity: Biology is one of the most important and vital sections in NEET. Some scientists estimate that half of all species on Earth will be wiped out within the next century. India is also a centre of various domesticated species such as millets, cereals, legumes, vegetables, medicinal and aromatic crops, etc. Terrestrial biodiversity is typically higher near the equator owing to the warm climate and high primary productivity. Scientists are aware of the immense potentials of various life-forms existing on the earth. Though the study of environment and ecology is quite old, the term biodiversity has been introduced by Walter Rosen in 1986. An ecosystem, therefore, is a collection of living components, like microbes, plants, animals, fungi, etc. Framing Biodiversity: The Case of "Invasive Alien Species" 5. Humans should not cause their voluntary extinction. National Geographic Headquarters 1145 17th Street NW Washington, DC 20036, National Geographic Society is a 501 (c)(3) organization. biodiversity hotspot. 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